Toast action results and confirm destructive actions in one dialog

Inline banners and per-row status text reported action results all over
the app; they are replaced by a small toast stack (bottom-right, Level 3
floating well styling) that only speaks for actions: successes fade,
errors stay until dismissed, and form-field validation stays inline.

Destructive actions no longer use bespoke inline confirm steps (the
library detail's Confirm delete button) or fire immediately (duplicate
copies/items, delete page selections, temp cleanup, upload discard, job
cancellation): they all go through one promise-based confirm dialog
(confirmAction) with a danger variant, Escape/backdrop to cancel.

ROADMAP.md

@@ -129,7 +129,8 @@ Files now stage first and are resolved before entering the library.
 
 - [x] 18+ entry screen: an age check gates the app before anything renders
       (remembered per browser in `localStorage`)
-- [ ] Toasts instead of inline messages / confirm dialogs
+- [x] Toasts for action results (success/error) plus a shared confirm dialog for
+      destructive actions; form-field validation stays inline
 - [ ] Mobile drawer polish for metadata panels (design spec §layout)
 - [x] Profile pictures: staff Users page sets avatars from library J-IDs
       (self-service picker in Account still pending)

frontend/src/components/AppShell.tsx

@@ -4,8 +4,10 @@ import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { Link, NavLink, Outlet, useLocation, useNavigationType } from "react-router-dom";
 
 import { CommandPalette } from "@/components/CommandPalette";
+import { ConfirmDialog } from "@/components/ConfirmDialog";
 import { StatusFooter } from "@/components/StatusFooter";
 import { StatusPill } from "@/components/StatusPill";
+import { Toasts } from "@/components/Toasts";
 import { api } from "@/lib/api";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import type { SystemStatus } from "@/lib/types";
@@ -182,6 +184,8 @@ export function AppShell() {
         )}
       />
       <CommandPalette open={paletteOpen} onClose={() => setPaletteOpen(false)} />
+      <ConfirmDialog />
+      <Toasts />
     </div>
   );
 }

frontend/src/components/ConfirmDialog.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+import { useEffect } from "react";
+
+import { Button } from "@/components/ui";
+import { useConfirm } from "@/store/confirm";
+
+export function ConfirmDialog() {
+  const request = useConfirm((state) => state.request);
+  const settle = useConfirm((state) => state.settle);
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!request) return;
+    function handleKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
+      if (event.key === "Escape") settle(false);
+    }
+    window.addEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
+    return () => window.removeEventListener("keydown", handleKeyDown);
+  }, [request, settle]);
+
+  if (!request) return null;
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      className="fixed inset-0 z-[70] flex items-center justify-center bg-ctp-crust/60 p-4 backdrop-blur-sm"
+      onClick={() => settle(false)}
+    >
+      <div
+        role="dialog"
+        aria-modal="true"
+        aria-label={request.title}
+        className="w-full max-w-sm rounded-lg border border-ctp-surface1 bg-ctp-surface0 p-4 shadow-[0_4px_12px_rgba(17,17,27,0.6)]"
+        onClick={(event) => event.stopPropagation()}
+      >
+        <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-ctp-text">{request.title}</h2>
+        {request.description ? (
+          <p className="mt-1.5 text-sm leading-relaxed text-ctp-subtext0">
+            {request.description}
+          </p>
+        ) : null}
+        <div className="mt-4 flex justify-end gap-2">
+          <Button variant="secondary" autoFocus onClick={() => settle(false)}>
+            {request.cancelLabel ?? "Cancel"}
+          </Button>
+          <Button
+            variant={request.danger ? "danger" : "primary"}
+            onClick={() => settle(true)}
+          >
+            {request.confirmLabel ?? "Confirm"}
+          </Button>
+        </div>
+      </div>
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/components/Toasts.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+import { AlertTriangle, CheckCircle2, Info, X } from "lucide-react";
+import type { LucideIcon } from "lucide-react";
+
+import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
+import { useToasts, type ToastKind } from "@/store/toasts";
+
+const KIND_STYLES: Record<ToastKind, string> = {
+  ok: "border-ctp-green/40",
+  error: "border-ctp-red/40",
+  info: "border-ctp-blue/40",
+};
+
+const KIND_ICONS: Record<ToastKind, LucideIcon> = {
+  ok: CheckCircle2,
+  error: AlertTriangle,
+  info: Info,
+};
+
+const ICON_STYLES: Record<ToastKind, string> = {
+  ok: "text-ctp-green",
+  error: "text-ctp-red",
+  info: "text-ctp-blue",
+};
+
+export function Toasts() {
+  const toasts = useToasts((state) => state.toasts);
+  const dismiss = useToasts((state) => state.dismiss);
+
+  if (toasts.length === 0) return null;
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      aria-live="polite"
+      className="pointer-events-none fixed bottom-12 right-4 z-[60] flex w-[min(22rem,calc(100vw-2rem))] flex-col gap-2"
+    >
+      {toasts.map((item) => {
+        const Icon = KIND_ICONS[item.kind];
+        return (
+          <div
+            key={item.id}
+            role="status"
+            className={cn(
+              "pointer-events-auto flex items-start gap-2 rounded-lg border bg-ctp-surface0 p-3",
+              "shadow-[0_4px_12px_rgba(17,17,27,0.6)]",
+              KIND_STYLES[item.kind],
+            )}
+          >
+            <Icon className={cn("mt-0.5 h-4 w-4 shrink-0", ICON_STYLES[item.kind])} />
+            <p className="flex-1 text-sm leading-snug text-ctp-text">{item.text}</p>
+            {item.action ? (
+              <button
+                type="button"
+                onClick={() => {
+                  item.action?.onClick();
+                  dismiss(item.id);
+                }}
+                className="shrink-0 rounded px-1.5 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium text-ctp-mauve transition hover:bg-ctp-surface1"
+              >
+                {item.action.label}
+              </button>
+            ) : null}
+            <button
+              type="button"
+              onClick={() => dismiss(item.id)}
+              aria-label="Dismiss"
+              className="shrink-0 rounded p-0.5 text-ctp-overlay0 transition hover:bg-ctp-surface1 hover:text-ctp-text"
+            >
+              <X className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
+            </button>
+          </div>
+        );
+      })}
+    </div>
+  );
+}

frontend/src/features/account/AccountPage.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { CheckCircle2, Eye, EyeOff, XCircle } from "lucide-react";
+import { Eye, EyeOff } from "lucide-react";
 import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 
 import { Button, Field, Spinner, inputClass } from "@/components/ui";
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/lib/e621";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const BASE_URL_OPTIONS = [
   { value: "https://e621.net", label: "e621.net — main site" },
@@ -33,13 +34,7 @@ function AccountForm({ credentials }: { credentials: E621Credentials | null }) {
   const [customBase, setCustomBase] = useState(savedBaseIsKnown ? "" : savedBase);
   const [showKey, setShowKey] = useState(false);
   const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
-  const [saveMessage, setSaveMessage] = useState<string | null>(null);
-  const [saveError, setSaveError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [testing, setTesting] = useState(false);
-  const [testResult, setTestResult] = useState<{
-    ok: boolean;
-    message: string;
-  } | null>(null);
 
   const baseUrl = (baseChoice === "custom" ? customBase.trim() : baseChoice).replace(
     /\/+$/,
@@ -53,13 +48,11 @@ function AccountForm({ credentials }: { credentials: E621Credentials | null }) {
 
   async function handleSave() {
     setSaving(true);
-    setSaveMessage(null);
-    setSaveError(null);
     try {
       await save(values);
-      setSaveMessage("Credentials saved.");
+      toast.ok("e621 credentials saved.");
     } catch (error) {
-      setSaveError(errorMessage(error));
+      toast.error(errorMessage(error));
     } finally {
       setSaving(false);
     }
@@ -67,19 +60,17 @@ function AccountForm({ credentials }: { credentials: E621Credentials | null }) {
 
   async function handleTest() {
     setTesting(true);
-    setTestResult(null);
     try {
       const user = await verifyE621Credentials({ ...values, configured: true });
-      setTestResult({
+      toast.ok(
-        ok: true,
+        `Connected as ${user.name}${
-        message: `Connected as ${user.name}${
           typeof user.favorite_count === "number"
             ? ` — ${user.favorite_count} favorites`
             : ""
         }.`,
-      });
+      );
     } catch (error) {
-      setTestResult({ ok: false, message: e621ErrorMessage(error) });
+      toast.error(e621ErrorMessage(error));
     } finally {
       setTesting(false);
     }
@@ -167,32 +158,6 @@ function AccountForm({ credentials }: { credentials: E621Credentials | null }) {
           </div>
         </Field>
 
-        {saveError ? (
-          <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-red/30 bg-ctp-red/10 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ctp-red">
-            {saveError}
-          </p>
-        ) : null}
-        {saveMessage ? (
-          <p className="text-sm text-ctp-green">{saveMessage}</p>
-        ) : null}
-        {testResult ? (
-          <p
-            className={cn(
-              "flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border px-3 py-2 text-sm",
-              testResult.ok
-                ? "border-ctp-green/30 bg-ctp-green/10 text-ctp-green"
-                : "border-ctp-red/30 bg-ctp-red/10 text-ctp-red",
-            )}
-          >
-            {testResult.ok ? (
-              <CheckCircle2 className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0" />
-            ) : (
-              <XCircle className="h-4 w-4 shrink-0" />
-            )}
-            {testResult.message}
-          </p>
-        ) : null}
-
         <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
           <Button onClick={() => void handleSave()} disabled={saving}>
             {saving ? "Saving…" : "Save"}

frontend/src/features/follows/PoolFollowButton.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Button, Spinner } from "@/components/ui";
 import { api, errorMessage } from "@/lib/api";
 import type { FollowedPool, Paginated } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 export function PoolFollowButton({
   poolId,
@@ -16,7 +17,6 @@ export function PoolFollowButton({
 }) {
   const user = useAuth((state) => state.user);
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
-  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   // What the button should show once the request and refetch settle.
   const [target, setTarget] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
 
@@ -39,14 +39,13 @@ export function PoolFollowButton({
             json: { pool_id: poolId },
           }),
     onSuccess: () => {
-      setError(null);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-pools"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-feed"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-cloud"] });
     },
     onError: (err) => {
       setTarget(null);
-      setError(errorMessage(err));
+      toast.error(errorMessage(err));
     },
   });
 
@@ -76,7 +75,6 @@ export function PoolFollowButton({
         )}
         {followed ? "Following" : "Follow pool"}
       </Button>
-      {error ? <p className="text-xs text-ctp-red">{error}</p> : null}
     </div>
   );
 }

frontend/src/features/follows/TagFollowToggle.tsx

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ import { api, errorMessage } from "@/lib/api";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import type { FollowedTag, Paginated } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 export function TagFollowToggle({ tag }: { tag: string }) {
   const user = useAuth((state) => state.user);
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
-  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   // What the chip should show once the request and refetch settle.
   const [target, setTarget] = useState<boolean | null>(null);
 
@@ -34,14 +34,13 @@ export function TagFollowToggle({ tag }: { tag: string }) {
             json: { tag: normalized },
           }),
     onSuccess: () => {
-      setError(null);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-tags"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-feed"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-cloud"] });
     },
     onError: (err) => {
       setTarget(null);
-      setError(errorMessage(err));
+      toast.error(errorMessage(err));
     },
   });
 
@@ -72,11 +71,11 @@ export function TagFollowToggle({ tag }: { tag: string }) {
         event.preventDefault();
       }}
       disabled={busy || query.isPending}
-      title={error ?? (followed ? `Unfollow ${tag}` : `Follow ${tag}`)}
+      title={followed ? `Unfollow ${tag}` : `Follow ${tag}`}
       aria-label={followed ? `Unfollow ${tag}` : `Follow ${tag}`}
       className={cn(
         "-mr-0.5 inline-flex h-3.5 w-3.5 shrink-0 items-center justify-center rounded-sm transition",
-        error ? "text-ctp-red" : "opacity-70 hover:opacity-100",
+        "opacity-70 hover:opacity-100",
         query.isPending && "opacity-40",
       )}
     >

frontend/src/features/library/DeletePage.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,8 @@ import { api, errorMessage } from "@/lib/api";
 import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { formatBytes } from "@/lib/format";
 import type { MediaItem, Paginated, StorageInfo } from "@/lib/types";
+import { confirmAction } from "@/store/confirm";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 function parseJIds(text: string): string[] {
   return text
@@ -20,7 +22,6 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
   const [jIdsInput, setJIdsInput] = useState("");
   const [loadedIds, setLoadedIds] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<string[]>([]);
-  const [status, setStatus] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   const storageQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: ["storage"],
@@ -43,28 +44,50 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
     onSuccess: (result) => {
       setSelected([]);
       setLoadedIds([]);
-      setStatus(
+      toast.ok(`Deleted ${result.deleted.length} item(s).`);
-        `Deleted ${result.deleted.length} item(s)${
+      if (result.errors.length > 0) {
-          result.errors.length > 0 ? ` · ${result.errors.length} failed` : ""
+        toast.error(
-        }.`,
+          `${result.errors.length} item(s) could not be deleted: ` +
+            result.errors.map((entry) => entry.error).join(", "),
         );
+      }
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["storage"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["duplicates-md5"] });
     },
-    onError: (error) => setStatus(errorMessage(error)),
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const tempMutation = useMutation({
     mutationFn: () =>
       api<{ removed: number }>("/api/temp/clear/", { method: "POST" }),
     onSuccess: (result) => {
-      setStatus(`Removed ${result.removed} temp file(s).`);
+      toast.ok(`Removed ${result.removed} temp file(s).`);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["storage"] });
     },
-    onError: (error) => setStatus(errorMessage(error)),
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
+  async function handleDeleteSelected() {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: `Delete ${selected.length} item(s)?`,
+      description: "They are removed from the library along with all of their copies.",
+      confirmLabel: "Delete",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) deleteMutation.mutate(selected);
+  }
+
+  async function handleClearTemp() {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: "Clear the temp folder?",
+      description: "Staged uploads still sitting in it will be removed.",
+      confirmLabel: "Clear",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) tempMutation.mutate();
+  }
+
   function toggleSelected(jId: string) {
     setSelected((current) =>
       current.includes(jId)
@@ -84,12 +107,6 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
         </p>
       </header>
 
-      {status ? (
-        <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-surface1 bg-ctp-base px-3 py-2 text-xs text-ctp-subtext0">
-          {status}
-        </p>
-      ) : null}
-
       <section className="grid gap-3 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4">
         {storageQuery.isPending ? (
           <Spinner className="h-5 w-5" />
@@ -157,7 +174,7 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
                 variant="secondary"
                 className="mt-2 px-2 py-1 text-xs"
                 disabled={tempMutation.isPending || storage.temp.files === 0}
-                onClick={() => tempMutation.mutate()}
+                onClick={() => void handleClearTemp()}
               >
                 {tempMutation.isPending ? "Clearing…" : "Clear temp folder"}
               </Button>
@@ -182,7 +199,6 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
           <Button
             variant="secondary"
             onClick={() => {
-              setStatus(null);
               setSelected([]);
               setLoadedIds(parseJIds(jIdsInput));
             }}
@@ -193,7 +209,7 @@ export default function DeletePage() {
             <Button
               variant="danger"
               disabled={deleteMutation.isPending}
-              onClick={() => deleteMutation.mutate(selected)}
+              onClick={() => void handleDeleteSelected()}
             >
               {deleteMutation.isPending
                 ? "Deleting…"

frontend/src/features/library/DuplicatesPage.tsx

@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@ import type {
   VisualGroupsResponse,
   VisualMatchesResponse,
 } from "@/lib/types";
+import { confirmAction } from "@/store/confirm";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const ALGORITHMS = [
   { value: "ahash", label: "aHash" },
@@ -100,7 +102,6 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [dismissed, setDismissed] = useState<string[]>([]);
   const [similarTarget, setSimilarTarget] = useState("");
-  const [status, setStatus] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   const exactQuery = useQuery({
     queryKey: ["duplicates-md5"],
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
         method: "POST",
         json: { j_id: jId, threshold, algorithms },
       }),
-    onError: (error) => setStatus(errorMessage(error)),
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const deleteMutation = useMutation({
@@ -138,18 +139,52 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
       api<DeleteResult>("/api/delete/", { method: "POST", json: payload }),
     onSuccess: (result) => {
       setSelected([]);
-      setStatus(
+      const noun = result.deleted.length === 1 ? "entry" : "entries";
-        `Deleted ${result.deleted.length} entr${
+      toast.ok(`Deleted ${result.deleted.length} ${noun}.`);
-          result.deleted.length === 1 ? "y" : "ies"
+      if (result.errors.length > 0) {
-        }${result.errors.length > 0 ? ` · ${result.errors.length} failed` : ""}.`,
+        toast.error(
+          `${result.errors.length} ${noun} could not be deleted: ` +
+            result.errors.map((entry) => entry.error).join(", "),
         );
+      }
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["duplicates-md5"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["duplicate-groups"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
     },
-    onError: (error) => setStatus(errorMessage(error)),
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
+  async function handleDeleteCopy(locationId: number) {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: "Delete this copy?",
+      description:
+        "The file at this path is removed. The item stays as long as another copy exists.",
+      confirmLabel: "Delete copy",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) deleteMutation.mutate({ location_ids: [locationId] });
+  }
+
+  async function handleDeleteItem(jId: string) {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: `Delete ${jId}?`,
+      description: "The item and all of its copies are removed from the library.",
+      confirmLabel: "Delete",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) deleteMutation.mutate({ j_ids: [jId] });
+  }
+
+  async function handleDeleteSelected() {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: `Delete ${selected.length} item(s)?`,
+      description: "They are removed from the library along with all of their copies.",
+      confirmLabel: "Delete",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) deleteMutation.mutate({ j_ids: selected });
+  }
+
   function toggleSelected(jId: string) {
     setSelected((current) =>
       current.includes(jId)
@@ -190,12 +225,6 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
         </p>
       </header>
 
-      {status ? (
-        <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-surface1 bg-ctp-base px-3 py-2 text-xs text-ctp-subtext0">
-          {status}
-        </p>
-      ) : null}
-
       <section className="flex flex-col gap-3">
         <header className="flex items-center justify-between gap-2">
           <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-ctp-subtext1">
@@ -252,9 +281,7 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
                         </span>
                         <button
                           type="button"
-                          onClick={() =>
+                          onClick={() => void handleDeleteCopy(location.id)}
-                            deleteMutation.mutate({ location_ids: [location.id] })
-                          }
                           className="shrink-0 rounded-md px-1.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[10px] text-ctp-red transition hover:bg-ctp-red/15"
                         >
                           delete copy
@@ -267,7 +294,7 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
                   <Button
                     variant="danger"
                     className="px-2 py-1 text-xs"
-                    onClick={() => deleteMutation.mutate({ j_ids: [group.j_id] })}
+                    onClick={() => void handleDeleteItem(group.j_id)}
                   >
                     Delete item
                   </Button>
@@ -347,11 +374,6 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
             >
               {similarMutation.isPending ? "Searching…" : "Search"}
             </Button>
-            {similarMutation.isError ? (
-              <p className="text-xs text-ctp-red">
-                {errorMessage(similarMutation.error)}
-              </p>
-            ) : null}
           </div>
 
           {similarMutation.data ? (
@@ -460,7 +482,7 @@ export default function DuplicatesPage() {
                 variant="danger"
                 className="px-2 py-1 text-xs"
                 disabled={deleteMutation.isPending}
-                onClick={() => deleteMutation.mutate({ j_ids: selected })}
+                onClick={() => void handleDeleteSelected()}
               >
                 {deleteMutation.isPending ? "Deleting…" : "Delete selected"}
               </Button>

frontend/src/features/library/IqdbCard.tsx

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
 } from "@/lib/e621";
 import type { MediaItem } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const ratingPill: Record<string, string> = {
   s: "bg-ctp-green text-ctp-crust",
@@ -22,8 +23,6 @@ const ratingPill: Record<string, string> = {
   e: "bg-ctp-red text-ctp-crust",
 };
 
-type Notice = { kind: "ok" | "warn" | "error"; text: string } | null;
-
 export function IqdbCard({
   item,
   canLink,
@@ -36,14 +35,12 @@ export function IqdbCard({
   const [busy, setBusy] = useState(false);
   const [candidates, setCandidates] = useState<E621IqdbResult[] | null>(null);
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<E621IqdbResult | null>(null);
-  const [notice, setNotice] = useState<Notice>(null);
 
   const isImage = item.kind === "image";
   const configured = Boolean(credentials?.configured);
 
   async function search() {
     setBusy(true);
-    setNotice(null);
     setSelected(null);
     setCandidates(null);
     try {
@@ -59,10 +56,10 @@ export function IqdbCard({
       );
       setCandidates(results);
       if (results.length === 0) {
-        setNotice({ kind: "warn", text: "No similar posts found on e621." });
+        toast.info("No similar posts found on e621.");
       }
     } catch (error) {
-      setNotice({ kind: "error", text: e621ErrorMessage(error) });
+      toast.error(e621ErrorMessage(error));
     } finally {
       setBusy(false);
     }
@@ -79,20 +76,15 @@ export function IqdbCard({
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["tag-cloud"] });
       setSelected(null);
-      setNotice(
+      if (data.md5_match) {
-        data.md5_match
+        toast.ok(`Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id} — MD5 matches.`);
-          ? {
+      } else {
-              kind: "ok",
+        toast.info(
-              text: `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id} — MD5 matches.`,
+          `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id}, but its MD5 differs from this file.`,
-            }
-          : {
-              kind: "warn",
-              text: `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id}, but its MD5 differs from this file.`,
-            },
         );
+      }
     },
-    onError: (error) =>
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
-      setNotice({ kind: "error", text: errorMessage(error) }),
   });
 
   return (
@@ -134,21 +126,6 @@ export function IqdbCard({
         </p>
       ) : null}
 
-      {notice ? (
-        <p
-          className={cn(
-            "mt-2 text-xs",
-            notice.kind === "ok"
-              ? "text-ctp-green"
-              : notice.kind === "warn"
-                ? "text-ctp-yellow"
-                : "text-ctp-red",
-          )}
-        >
-          {notice.text}
-        </p>
-      ) : null}
-
       {candidates && candidates.length > 0 ? (
         <div className="mt-3 grid grid-cols-3 gap-1.5">
           {candidates.map((candidate) => {

frontend/src/features/library/LibraryDetail.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,8 @@ import type {
   Rating,
 } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { confirmAction } from "@/store/confirm";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 import { useUi } from "@/store/ui";
 
 const ratingChoices: { value: Rating; label: string; active: string }[] = [
@@ -77,10 +79,6 @@ const matchStatusMeta: Record<
 function MatchCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
   const [postId, setPostId] = useState("");
-  const [notice, setNotice] = useState<{
-    kind: "ok" | "warn" | "error";
-    text: string;
-  } | null>(null);
 
   function refresh() {
     void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["file", item.j_id] });
@@ -97,21 +95,14 @@ function MatchCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }) {
     onSuccess: (data) => {
       refresh();
       if (data.e621_match_status === "matched") {
-        setNotice({ kind: "ok", text: `Matched to post #${data.e621_post_id}.` });
+        toast.ok(`Matched to post #${data.e621_post_id}.`);
       } else if (data.e621_match_status === "deleted") {
-        setNotice({
+        toast.error("The linked post no longer exists on e621.");
-          kind: "error",
-          text: "The linked post no longer exists on e621.",
-        });
       } else {
-        setNotice({
+        toast.info("No e621 post with this file's MD5 was found.");
-          kind: "warn",
-          text: "No e621 post with this file's MD5 was found.",
-        });
       }
     },
-    onError: (error) =>
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
-      setNotice({ kind: "error", text: errorMessage(error) }),
   });
 
   const linkMutation = useMutation({
@@ -123,20 +114,15 @@ function MatchCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }) {
     onSuccess: (data) => {
       refresh();
       setPostId("");
-      setNotice(
+      if (data.md5_match) {
-        data.md5_match
+        toast.ok(`Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id} — MD5 matches.`);
-          ? {
+      } else {
-              kind: "ok",
+        toast.info(
-              text: `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id} — MD5 matches.`,
+          `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id}, but its MD5 differs from this file.`,
-            }
-          : {
-              kind: "warn",
-              text: `Linked to post #${data.e621_post_id}, but its MD5 differs from this file.`,
-            },
         );
+      }
     },
-    onError: (error) =>
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
-      setNotice({ kind: "error", text: errorMessage(error) }),
   });
 
   const unlinkMutation = useMutation({
@@ -144,10 +130,9 @@ function MatchCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }) {
       api<MediaItem>(`/api/files/${item.j_id}/unlink/`, { method: "POST" }),
     onSuccess: () => {
       refresh();
-      setNotice({ kind: "ok", text: "e621 link removed." });
+      toast.ok("e621 link removed.");
     },
-    onError: (error) =>
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
-      setNotice({ kind: "error", text: errorMessage(error) }),
   });
 
   const meta = matchStatusMeta[item.e621_match_status];
@@ -215,21 +200,6 @@ function MatchCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }) {
           </div>
         </div>
       ) : null}
-
-      {notice ? (
-        <p
-          className={cn(
-            "mt-2 text-xs",
-            notice.kind === "ok"
-              ? "text-ctp-green"
-              : notice.kind === "warn"
-                ? "text-ctp-yellow"
-                : "text-ctp-red",
-          )}
-        >
-          {notice.text}
-        </p>
-      ) : null}
     </section>
   );
 }
@@ -392,7 +362,9 @@ function CustomDataCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }
     onSuccess: () => {
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["file", item.j_id] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
+      toast.ok("Custom data saved.");
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   if (!canEdit) {
@@ -476,12 +448,6 @@ function CustomDataCard({ item, canEdit }: { item: MediaItem; canEdit: boolean }
           onChange={(event) => setNotes(event.target.value)}
         />
 
-        {mutation.isError ? (
-          <p className="text-sm text-ctp-red">{errorMessage(mutation.error)}</p>
-        ) : mutation.isSuccess ? (
-          <p className="text-sm text-ctp-green">Saved.</p>
-        ) : null}
-
         <Button onClick={save} disabled={mutation.isPending}>
           {mutation.isPending ? "Saving…" : "Save"}
         </Button>
@@ -495,7 +461,6 @@ export function LibraryDetail({ jId }: { jId: string }) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
   const ordering = useUi((state) => state.ordering);
   const user = useAuth((state) => state.user);
-  const [confirmDelete, setConfirmDelete] = useState(false);
   const [optimizeOpen, setOptimizeOpen] = useState(false);
 
   const query = useQuery({
@@ -522,14 +487,29 @@ export function LibraryDetail({ jId }: { jId: string }) {
         "/api/delete/",
         { method: "POST", json: { j_ids: [jId] } },
       ),
-    onSuccess: () => {
+    onSuccess: (data) => {
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["duplicates-md5"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["storage"] });
+      toast.ok(`${data.deleted[0] ?? jId} deleted from the library.`);
+      if (data.errors.length > 0) {
+        toast.error(data.errors.map((entry) => entry.error).join(", "));
+      }
       navigate("/");
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
+  async function handleDelete() {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
+      title: `Delete ${jId}?`,
+      description: "This removes the item and all of its copies from the library.",
+      confirmLabel: "Delete",
+      danger: true,
+    });
+    if (confirmed) deleteMutation.mutate();
+  }
+
   useEffect(() => {
     function handleKeyDown(event: KeyboardEvent) {
       if (event.ctrlKey || event.metaKey || event.altKey) return;
@@ -615,40 +595,15 @@ export function LibraryDetail({ jId }: { jId: string }) {
             </Button>
           ) : null}
           {canDelete ? (
-            confirmDelete ? (
-              <>
-                <span className="text-xs text-ctp-subtext0">
-                  Delete this item and all its copies?
-                </span>
             <Button
               variant="danger"
               disabled={deleteMutation.isPending}
-                  onClick={() => deleteMutation.mutate()}
+              onClick={() => void handleDelete()}
-                >
-                  {deleteMutation.isPending ? "Deleting…" : "Confirm delete"}
-                </Button>
-                <Button
-                  variant="ghost"
-                  onClick={() => setConfirmDelete(false)}
-                  disabled={deleteMutation.isPending}
-                >
-                  Cancel
-                </Button>
-              </>
-            ) : (
-              <Button
-                variant="danger"
-                onClick={() => setConfirmDelete(true)}
               title="Delete this item from the library"
             >
-                <Trash2 className="h-4 w-4" /> Delete
+              <Trash2 className="h-4 w-4" />
+              {deleteMutation.isPending ? "Deleting…" : "Delete"}
             </Button>
-            )
-          ) : null}
-          {deleteMutation.isError ? (
-            <p className="text-sm text-ctp-red">
-              {errorMessage(deleteMutation.error)}
-            </p>
           ) : null}
         </div>
       }

frontend/src/features/library/MatchPanel.tsx

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { useEffect, useState } from "react";
 import { Button, Spinner } from "@/components/ui";
 import { api, errorMessage } from "@/lib/api";
 import type { MatchTask } from "@/lib/types";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 type Scope = "missing" | "all";
 
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ export function MatchPanel() {
       setTaskId(data.task_id);
       setMenuOpen(false);
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const cancelMutation = useMutation({
@@ -57,6 +59,7 @@ export function MatchPanel() {
       api<{ success: boolean }>(`/api/matches/${taskId}/cancel/`, {
         method: "POST",
       }),
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   if (running && task) {
@@ -146,11 +149,6 @@ export function MatchPanel() {
               Refreshes matched metadata and flags deleted posts too.
             </span>
           </button>
-          {startMutation.isError ? (
-            <p className="px-2.5 py-1.5 text-xs text-ctp-red">
-              {errorMessage(startMutation.error)}
-            </p>
-          ) : null}
         </div>
       ) : null}
     </div>

frontend/src/features/online/OnlineDetail.tsx

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ import { formatBytes, formatDate } from "@/lib/format";
 import type { DownloadTask, Paginated } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const ratingText: Record<string, string> = {
   s: "text-ctp-green",
@@ -115,6 +116,7 @@ export function OnlineDetail({ postId }: { postId: number }) {
         queryKey: ["e621", "post", postId],
       });
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(e621ErrorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const [downloadTaskId, setDownloadTaskId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -166,6 +168,7 @@ export function OnlineDetail({ postId }: { postId: number }) {
       setDownloadTaskId(task.task_id);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["status"] });
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const taskQuery = useQuery({
@@ -400,17 +403,6 @@ export function OnlineDetail({ postId }: { postId: number }) {
               ) : null}
             </p>
           ) : null}
-
-          {favoriteMutation.isError ? (
-            <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-red/30 bg-ctp-red/10 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ctp-red">
-              {e621ErrorMessage(favoriteMutation.error)}
-            </p>
-          ) : null}
-          {downloadMutation.isError ? (
-            <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-red/30 bg-ctp-red/10 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ctp-red">
-              {errorMessage(downloadMutation.error)}
-            </p>
-          ) : null}
         </>
       }
       media={

frontend/src/features/online/OnlinePage.tsx

@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import {
   type E621Post,
 } from "@/lib/e621";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const PAGE_SIZE = 48;
 const EMPTY_POSTS: E621Post[] = [];
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ export default function OnlinePage() {
           void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["follows-cloud"] });
         });
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(e621ErrorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   const blacklistEntries = useMemo(
@@ -270,11 +272,6 @@ export default function OnlinePage() {
                   )}
                 </Button>
               </form>
-              {blacklistMutation.isError ? (
-                <p className="text-xs text-ctp-red">
-                  {e621ErrorMessage(blacklistMutation.error)}
-                </p>
-              ) : null}
               <p className="text-[11px] text-ctp-overlay0">
                 Saved to your e621 account.
               </p>

frontend/src/features/optimize/OptimizeModal.tsx

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   type OptimizeOptions,
 } from "./types";
 import { useOptimizer } from "./useOptimizer";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const DIMENSION_CHOICES: { value: number | null; label: string }[] = [
   { value: null, label: "Keep original" },
@@ -248,12 +249,17 @@ export function OptimizeModal({
       if (result?.storageKey) void deleteStoredFile(result.storageKey);
       setApplied(true);
       setApplyError(null);
+      toast.ok(`${item.j_id} optimized.`);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["file", item.j_id] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["storage"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["duplicates-md5"] });
     },
-    onError: (err) => setApplyError(errorMessage(err)),
+    onError: (err) => {
+      const message = errorMessage(err);
+      setApplyError(message);
+      toast.error(message);
+    },
   });
 
   const originalSize = item.size;

frontend/src/features/similar/SimilarPage.tsx

@@ -21,6 +21,7 @@ import {
 import { formatBytes, formatDate } from "@/lib/format";
 import type { SimilarityCheck } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const VIDEO_RE = /\.(mp4|webm)$/i;
 
@@ -39,12 +40,10 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
   const [check, setCheck] = useState<SimilarityCheck | null>(null);
   const [uploading, setUploading] = useState(false);
   const [percent, setPercent] = useState(0);
-  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [dragging, setDragging] = useState(false);
 
   const [iqdb, setIqdb] = useState<E621IqdbResult[] | null>(null);
   const [iqdbBusy, setIqdbBusy] = useState(false);
-  const [iqdbError, setIqdbError] = useState<string | null>(null);
   const [selected, setSelected] = useState<E621IqdbResult | null>(null);
 
   const configured = Boolean(credentials?.configured);
@@ -57,10 +56,10 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
       setFile(null);
       setIqdb(null);
       setSelected(null);
-      setError(null);
-      setIqdbError(null);
       if (inputRef.current) inputRef.current.value = "";
+      toast.ok("Temporary copy deleted.");
     },
+    onError: (error) => toast.error(errorMessage(error)),
   });
 
   async function startCheck(selectedFile: File) {
@@ -68,8 +67,6 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
     setCheck(null);
     setIqdb(null);
     setSelected(null);
-    setError(null);
-    setIqdbError(null);
     setPercent(0);
     setUploading(true);
     try {
@@ -82,7 +79,7 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
       setCheck(data);
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
     } catch (err) {
-      setError(errorMessage(err));
+      toast.error(errorMessage(err));
     } finally {
       setUploading(false);
     }
@@ -98,7 +95,7 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
       );
       setIqdb(results);
     } catch (err) {
-      setIqdbError(e621ErrorMessage(err));
+      toast.error(e621ErrorMessage(err));
     } finally {
       setIqdbBusy(false);
     }
@@ -183,8 +180,6 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
         </div>
       ) : null}
 
-      {error ? <p className="text-sm text-ctp-red">{error}</p> : null}
-
       {check ? (
         <div className="grid gap-6 lg:grid-cols-[320px_minmax(0,1fr)]">
           <aside className="flex flex-col gap-4">
@@ -359,8 +354,6 @@ export default function SimilarPage() {
                   </Link>{" "}
                   to reverse-search this image on e621.
                 </p>
-              ) : iqdbError ? (
-                <p className="mt-3 text-xs text-ctp-red">{iqdbError}</p>
               ) : iqdbBusy && !iqdb ? (
                 <div className="mt-3 flex justify-center py-4">
                   <Spinner className="h-4 w-4" />

frontend/src/features/stats/StatsPage.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { formatBytes } from "@/lib/format";
 import type { StatJob, SystemStats } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const REFRESH_MS = 2000;
 
@@ -82,13 +83,11 @@ function JobRow({
   showSummary,
   onCancel,
   cancelling,
-  cancelError,
 }: {
   job: StatJob;
   showSummary?: boolean;
   onCancel?: () => void;
   cancelling?: boolean;
-  cancelError?: string | null;
 }) {
   const Icon = job.kind === "download" ? Download : ScanSearch;
   return (
@@ -111,9 +110,6 @@ function JobRow({
           </button>
         ) : null}
       </div>
-      {cancelError ? (
-        <p className="pl-5 text-[11px] text-ctp-red">{cancelError}</p>
-      ) : null}
       {showSummary ? (
         <p className="truncate pl-5 text-[11px] text-ctp-overlay0" title={job.summary ?? job.detail}>
           {job.summary ?? job.detail}
@@ -159,10 +155,13 @@ export default function StatsPage() {
           : `/api/matches/${job.id}/cancel/`,
         { method: "POST" },
       ),
-    onSuccess: () => {
+    onSuccess: (_data, job) => {
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["stats"] });
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["status"] });
+      toast.ok(`Cancelled ${job.label}.`);
     },
+    onError: (error, job) =>
+      toast.error(`Could not cancel ${job.label}: ${errorMessage(error)}`),
   });
   const [autoScroll, setAutoScroll] = useState(true);
   const logRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
@@ -369,12 +368,6 @@ export default function StatsPage() {
                     cancelMutation.isPending &&
                     cancelMutation.variables?.id === job.id
                   }
-                  cancelError={
-                    cancelMutation.isError &&
-                    cancelMutation.variables?.id === job.id
-                      ? errorMessage(cancelMutation.error)
-                      : null
-                  }
                 />
               ))}
             </ul>

frontend/src/features/upload/UploadPage.tsx

@@ -34,7 +34,9 @@ import type {
   TempUpload,
 } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { confirmAction } from "@/store/confirm";
 import { useE621 } from "@/store/e621";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 type UploadStatus = "queued" | "uploading" | "done" | "error";
 
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ function MetadataModal({
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["files"] });
       onClose();
     } catch (err) {
-      setError(describeError(err));
+      toast.error(describeError(err));
       setBusy(false);
     }
   }
@@ -284,11 +286,22 @@ function MetadataModal({
     });
   }
 
-  function discardUpload() {
+  async function discardUpload() {
-    void api(`/api/uploads/${temp.temp_id}/`, { method: "DELETE" }).then(() => {
+    const confirmed = await confirmAction({
-      void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["uploads"] });
+      title: "Discard this upload?",
-      onClose();
+      description: `${temp.original_filename} is deleted from the staging folder; it never entered the library.`,
+      confirmLabel: "Discard",
+      danger: true,
     });
+    if (!confirmed) return;
+    try {
+      await api(`/api/uploads/${temp.temp_id}/`, { method: "DELETE" });
+      void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["uploads"] });
+      toast.ok("Upload discarded.");
+      onClose();
+    } catch (error) {
+      toast.error(errorMessage(error));
+    }
   }
 
   return (
@@ -416,7 +429,7 @@ function MetadataModal({
                     </p>
                     <button
                       type="button"
-                      onClick={discardUpload}
+                      onClick={() => void discardUpload()}
                       className="mt-2 rounded-md px-1.5 py-0.5 font-mono text-[10px] text-ctp-red transition hover:bg-ctp-red/15"
                     >
                       discard this upload
@@ -591,9 +604,7 @@ function MetadataModal({
             )}
 
             {error ? (
-              <p className="rounded-md border border-ctp-red/30 bg-ctp-red/10 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-ctp-red">
+              <p className="text-xs text-ctp-red">{error}</p>
-                {error}
-              </p>
             ) : null}
             {busy ? (
               <p className="flex items-center gap-2 text-xs text-ctp-overlay0">

frontend/src/features/users/UsersPage.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { cn } from "@/lib/cn";
 import { formatDate } from "@/lib/format";
 import type { AdminUser, Paginated } from "@/lib/types";
 import { useAuth } from "@/store/auth";
+import { toast } from "@/store/toasts";
 
 const ROLE_OPTIONS = [
   { value: "user", label: "User" },
@@ -17,8 +18,6 @@ const ROLE_OPTIONS = [
 function UserRow({ profile }: { profile: AdminUser }) {
   const queryClient = useQueryClient();
   const [avatarJId, setAvatarJId] = useState(profile.avatar_j_id ?? "");
-  const [message, setMessage] = useState<string | null>(null);
-  const [error, setError] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
   const mutation = useMutation({
     mutationFn: (payload: Record<string, string | null>) =>
@@ -27,15 +26,11 @@ function UserRow({ profile }: { profile: AdminUser }) {
         json: payload,
       }),
     onSuccess: (updated) => {
-      setMessage("Saved.");
-      setError(null);
       setAvatarJId(updated.avatar_j_id ?? "");
       void queryClient.invalidateQueries({ queryKey: ["users"] });
+      toast.ok(`Saved ${updated.username}.`);
     },
-    onError: (err) => {
+    onError: (err) => toast.error(errorMessage(err)),
-      setError(errorMessage(err));
-      setMessage(null);
-    },
   });
 
   return (
@@ -105,13 +100,6 @@ function UserRow({ profile }: { profile: AdminUser }) {
           Save avatar
         </Button>
       </div>
-
-      {message ? (
-        <p className="text-xs text-ctp-green lg:w-20">{message}</p>
-      ) : null}
-      {error ? (
-        <p className="text-xs text-ctp-red lg:w-40">{error}</p>
-      ) : null}
     </div>
   );
 }

frontend/src/store/confirm.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+import { create } from "zustand";
+
+export interface ConfirmOptions {
+  title: string;
+  description?: string;
+  confirmLabel?: string;
+  cancelLabel?: string;
+  danger?: boolean;
+}
+
+interface ConfirmRequest extends ConfirmOptions {
+  resolve: (confirmed: boolean) => void;
+}
+
+interface ConfirmState {
+  request: ConfirmRequest | null;
+  open: (options: ConfirmOptions) => Promise<boolean>;
+  settle: (confirmed: boolean) => void;
+}
+
+export const useConfirm = create<ConfirmState>((set, get) => ({
+  request: null,
+  open: (options) =>
+    new Promise<boolean>((resolve) => {
+      set({ request: { ...options, resolve } });
+    }),
+  settle: (confirmed) => {
+    get().request?.resolve(confirmed);
+    set({ request: null });
+  },
+}));
+
+/**
+ * Ask for confirmation before a destructive action and await the answer:
+ *
+ *     if (!(await confirmAction({ title: "Delete J-42?", danger: true }))) return;
+ */
+export function confirmAction(options: ConfirmOptions): Promise<boolean> {
+  return useConfirm.getState().open(options);
+}

frontend/src/store/toasts.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import { create } from "zustand";
+
+export type ToastKind = "ok" | "error" | "info";
+
+export interface ToastAction {
+  label: string;
+  onClick: () => void;
+}
+
+export interface Toast {
+  id: number;
+  kind: ToastKind;
+  text: string;
+  action?: ToastAction;
+}
+
+interface ToastState {
+  toasts: Toast[];
+  push: (kind: ToastKind, text: string, action?: ToastAction) => number;
+  dismiss: (id: number) => void;
+}
+
+/** Errors stay until dismissed; successes and info fade on their own. */
+const DURATIONS: Record<ToastKind, number | null> = {
+  ok: 4_000,
+  info: 5_000,
+  error: null,
+};
+
+let nextId = 1;
+
+export const useToasts = create<ToastState>((set, get) => ({
+  toasts: [],
+  push: (kind, text, action) => {
+    const existing = get().toasts.find(
+      (toast) => toast.kind === kind && toast.text === text,
+    );
+    if (existing) return existing.id;
+
+    const id = nextId++;
+    set((state) => ({ toasts: [...state.toasts, { id, kind, text, action }] }));
+    const duration = DURATIONS[kind];
+    if (duration !== null) {
+      window.setTimeout(() => get().dismiss(id), duration);
+    }
+    return id;
+  },
+  dismiss: (id) =>
+    set((state) => ({ toasts: state.toasts.filter((toast) => toast.id !== id) })),
+}));
+
+/** Fire-and-forget helper usable outside React components. */
+export const toast = {
+  ok: (text: string, action?: ToastAction) =>
+    useToasts.getState().push("ok", text, action),
+  error: (text: string, action?: ToastAction) =>
+    useToasts.getState().push("error", text, action),
+  info: (text: string, action?: ToastAction) =>
+    useToasts.getState().push("info", text, action),
+};